TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of emerin in cancer progression and metastasis
AU - Liddane, Alexandra G.
AU - Holaska, James M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by a predoctoral grant from the New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research (DCHS19PPC036 to A. Liddane), a grant from the W. W. Smith Charitable Trust (C1905 to J. M. Holaska), and a grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R15AR069935 to J.M. Holaska). This work was also supported by Rowan University under the Camden Health Research Initiative. The authors thank the Department of Biomedical Sciences at Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of the Sciences for providing laboratory space and funding. This work was supported by a predoctoral grant from the New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research (DCHS19PPC036 to A. Liddane), a grant from the W. W. Smith Charitable Trust (C1905 to J.M. Holaska), and a grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R15AR069935 to J.M. Holaska). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, the W.W. Smith Charitable Trust, or the New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research. This work was also supported by Rowan University under the Camden Health Research Initiative. The authors thank the members of the Holaska laboratory for the many helpful discussions regarding the preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Li-censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/10/1
Y1 - 2021/10/1
N2 - It is commonly recognized in the field that cancer cells exhibit changes in the size and shape of their nuclei. These features often serve as important biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. Nuclear size can significantly impact cell migration due to its incredibly large size. Nuclear structural changes are predicted to regulate cancer cell migration. Nuclear abnormalities are common across a vast spectrum of cancer types, regardless of tissue source, mutational spectrum, and signaling dependencies. The pervasiveness of nuclear alterations suggests that changes in nuclear structure may be crucially linked to the transformation process. The factors driv-ing these nuclear abnormalities, and the functional consequences, are not completely understood. Nuclear envelope proteins play an important role in regulating nuclear size and structure in cancer. Altered expression of nuclear lamina proteins, including emerin, is found in many cancers and this expression is correlated with better clinical outcomes. A model is emerging whereby emerin, as well as other nuclear lamina proteins, binding to the nucleoskeleton regulates the nuclear structure to impact metastasis. In this model, emerin and lamins play a central role in metastatic transformation, since decreased emerin expression during transformation causes the nuclear structural defects required for increased cell migration, intravasation, and extravasation. Herein, we discuss the cellular functions of nuclear lamina proteins, with a particular focus on emerin, and how these functions impact cancer progression and metastasis.
AB - It is commonly recognized in the field that cancer cells exhibit changes in the size and shape of their nuclei. These features often serve as important biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. Nuclear size can significantly impact cell migration due to its incredibly large size. Nuclear structural changes are predicted to regulate cancer cell migration. Nuclear abnormalities are common across a vast spectrum of cancer types, regardless of tissue source, mutational spectrum, and signaling dependencies. The pervasiveness of nuclear alterations suggests that changes in nuclear structure may be crucially linked to the transformation process. The factors driv-ing these nuclear abnormalities, and the functional consequences, are not completely understood. Nuclear envelope proteins play an important role in regulating nuclear size and structure in cancer. Altered expression of nuclear lamina proteins, including emerin, is found in many cancers and this expression is correlated with better clinical outcomes. A model is emerging whereby emerin, as well as other nuclear lamina proteins, binding to the nucleoskeleton regulates the nuclear structure to impact metastasis. In this model, emerin and lamins play a central role in metastatic transformation, since decreased emerin expression during transformation causes the nuclear structural defects required for increased cell migration, intravasation, and extravasation. Herein, we discuss the cellular functions of nuclear lamina proteins, with a particular focus on emerin, and how these functions impact cancer progression and metastasis.
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms222011289
DO - 10.3390/ijms222011289
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34681951
AN - SCOPUS:85117195593
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 22
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
IS - 20
M1 - 11289
ER -