TY - JOUR
T1 - The examination of sleep hygiene, quality of life, and schizotypy in young adults
AU - O'Kane, Thomas W.
AU - Sledjeski, Eve M.
AU - Dinzeo, Thomas J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Regarding sleep hygiene, the physical sleeping environment also appears to be an important consideration. The results of our post hoc analysis (SHI items 10 and 11, see Table 3) suggest that participants who reported sleeping in an uncomfortable bed or bedroom also reported a worse QOL, and reported higher levels of negative and positive schizotypy. This may indicate that working with an individual to improve the comfort of their sleeping environment (when possible) may have positive effects on their QOL and the management of current mental health symptoms. An additional potential target for intervention suggested by the post hoc analysis is psychoeducation regarding other areas of sleep hygiene, such as not spending unnecessary time in bed (SHI items 3 and 5). It may be that negative symptoms (e.g., amotivation, avolition, etc.) may contribute to excessive time spent in bed, supported by associations found between negative schizotypy and general sleep hygiene, as well as SHI items 3 and 5 specifically. Overall, within the context of previous studies (Freeman et al., 2017; Waite et al., 2020) examining the effects of CBTi (which often incorporates sleep hygiene psychoeducation) for individuals along the schizophrenia-spectrum, these results appear to provide further evidence for the utility of interventions which address sleep hygiene practices.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - The co-occurrence of sleep disruption and schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology is common, with current research supporting the use of interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTi), which include sleep hygiene education. Sleep hygiene refers to patterns of pre-sleep behaviors that can promote or impair sleep. These behaviors are easily identified and modifiable, potentially holding promise as targets of research and clinical practice. However, there is little research examining sleep hygiene in those at-risk for schizophrenia, measured through clusters of sub-clinical symptoms known as schizotypy. Given the likelihood poor sleep exacerbates negative emotions, thus serving as an etiologically relevant stressor, the study of sleep hygiene in at-risk populations appears warranted. Additionally, quality of life (QOL) has previously been shown to be negatively associated with sleep hygiene and schizophrenia-spectrum risk. As such, QOL domains were included to quantify the extent pre-sleep habits and dimensional schizotypy impact individuals’ wellbeing. Data was collected from a non-clinical sample of 385 young adults (M = 20.83, SD = 3.61). As anticipated, higher schizotypy was correlated with poorer sleep hygiene and reduced QOL, although only negative schizotypy predicted QOL in the final regression model controlling for sex differences. Sex differences were present for all variables of interest except disorganized schizotypy. Post-hoc item-level analyses suggested that higher levels of schizotypy were correlated with emotional rumination prior to sleep, while increased negative schizotypy was associated with reduced QOL. Future research should further evaluate sleep hygiene as a potentially relevant risk variable in the development of schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology and associated decline in QOL.
AB - The co-occurrence of sleep disruption and schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology is common, with current research supporting the use of interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTi), which include sleep hygiene education. Sleep hygiene refers to patterns of pre-sleep behaviors that can promote or impair sleep. These behaviors are easily identified and modifiable, potentially holding promise as targets of research and clinical practice. However, there is little research examining sleep hygiene in those at-risk for schizophrenia, measured through clusters of sub-clinical symptoms known as schizotypy. Given the likelihood poor sleep exacerbates negative emotions, thus serving as an etiologically relevant stressor, the study of sleep hygiene in at-risk populations appears warranted. Additionally, quality of life (QOL) has previously been shown to be negatively associated with sleep hygiene and schizophrenia-spectrum risk. As such, QOL domains were included to quantify the extent pre-sleep habits and dimensional schizotypy impact individuals’ wellbeing. Data was collected from a non-clinical sample of 385 young adults (M = 20.83, SD = 3.61). As anticipated, higher schizotypy was correlated with poorer sleep hygiene and reduced QOL, although only negative schizotypy predicted QOL in the final regression model controlling for sex differences. Sex differences were present for all variables of interest except disorganized schizotypy. Post-hoc item-level analyses suggested that higher levels of schizotypy were correlated with emotional rumination prior to sleep, while increased negative schizotypy was associated with reduced QOL. Future research should further evaluate sleep hygiene as a potentially relevant risk variable in the development of schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology and associated decline in QOL.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126553964&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85126553964&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.016
DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.016
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85126553964
VL - 150
SP - 1
EP - 7
JO - Journal of Psychiatric Research
JF - Journal of Psychiatric Research
SN - 0022-3956
ER -