TY - JOUR
T1 - Silver oxide coatings with high silver-ion elution rates and characterization of bactericidal activity
AU - Goderecci, Sarah S.
AU - Kaiser, Eric
AU - Yanakas, Michael
AU - Norris, Zachary
AU - Scaturro, Jeffrey
AU - Oszust, Robert
AU - Medina, Clarence D.
AU - Waechter, Fallon
AU - Heon, Min
AU - Krchnavek, Robert R.
AU - Yu, Lei
AU - Lofland, Samuel E.
AU - Demarest, Renee M.
AU - Caputo, Gregory A.
AU - Hettinger, Jeffrey D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: Research was supported by funds from the Rowan University College of Science and Mathematics and the Rowan University SEED funds. The authors would like to thank Carl Lunk and Jon Fogelin for instrumentation support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 by the authors.
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of silver oxide films for use as bactericidal coatings. Synthesis parameters, dissolution/elution rate, and bactericidal efficacy are reported. Synthesis conditions were developed to create AgO, Ag2O, or mixtures of AgO and Ag2O on surfaces by reactive magnetron sputtering. The coatings demonstrate strong adhesion to many substrate materials and impede the growth of all bacterial strains tested. The coatings are effective in killing Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating a clear zone-of-inhibition against bacteria growing on solid media and the ability to rapidly inhibit bacterial growth in planktonic culture. Additionally, the coatings exhibit very high elution of silver ions under conditions that mimic dynamic fluid flow ranging between 0.003 and 0.07 ppm/min depending on the media conditions. The elution of silver ions from the AgO/Ag2O surfaces was directly impacted by the complexity of the elution media, with a reduction in elution rate when examined in complex cell culture media. Both E. coli and S. aureus were shown to bind ~1 ppm Ag+/mL culture. The elution of Ag+ resulted in no increases in mammalian cell apoptosis after 24 h exposure compared to control, but apoptotic cells increased to ~35% by 48 and 72 h of exposure. Taken together, the AgO/Ag2O coatings described are effective in eliciting antibacterial activity and have potential for application on a wide variety of surfaces and devices.
AB - This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of silver oxide films for use as bactericidal coatings. Synthesis parameters, dissolution/elution rate, and bactericidal efficacy are reported. Synthesis conditions were developed to create AgO, Ag2O, or mixtures of AgO and Ag2O on surfaces by reactive magnetron sputtering. The coatings demonstrate strong adhesion to many substrate materials and impede the growth of all bacterial strains tested. The coatings are effective in killing Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating a clear zone-of-inhibition against bacteria growing on solid media and the ability to rapidly inhibit bacterial growth in planktonic culture. Additionally, the coatings exhibit very high elution of silver ions under conditions that mimic dynamic fluid flow ranging between 0.003 and 0.07 ppm/min depending on the media conditions. The elution of silver ions from the AgO/Ag2O surfaces was directly impacted by the complexity of the elution media, with a reduction in elution rate when examined in complex cell culture media. Both E. coli and S. aureus were shown to bind ~1 ppm Ag+/mL culture. The elution of Ag+ resulted in no increases in mammalian cell apoptosis after 24 h exposure compared to control, but apoptotic cells increased to ~35% by 48 and 72 h of exposure. Taken together, the AgO/Ag2O coatings described are effective in eliciting antibacterial activity and have potential for application on a wide variety of surfaces and devices.
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U2 - 10.3390/molecules22091487
DO - 10.3390/molecules22091487
M3 - Article
C2 - 28880225
AN - SCOPUS:85029666627
VL - 22
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
SN - 1420-3049
IS - 9
M1 - 1487
ER -