@article{166871016dbc453cbb26bd73b8193458,
title = "Real-time damage characterization for GFRCs using high-speed synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging",
abstract = "We report the application of high-speed synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging (PCI) in real-time damage characterization for glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRCs) subjected to dynamic loading. Dynamic single-edge notched bending (DSENB) experiments on pre-notched S-2 GFRCs were performed on a modified Kolsky compression bar. During loading, the synchrotron X-ray beam penetrated through the composite specimen from the side to detect damage evolution inside the material. Entire dynamic events were recorded by a high-speed camera as image sequences.0° and 90° unidirectional and cross-ply composites were investigated. An optical imaging technique was also employed to capture similar dynamic events in comparison with the radiographic imaging. It is demonstrated that high-speed X-ray PCI had sufficient phase contrast to characterize a crack initiation at a 20-μm spatial resolution within 920 ns and track the crack geometry during propagation, thereby providing reliable data to quantify the dynamic damage resistance of GFRCs. Furthermore, being capable of recognizing microscopic damage-related features at a sub-10-μm resolution, high-speed X-ray PCI provided fundamental material failure mechanisms to reveal the essential of macroscale structural failure of composites. It can also track the damage evolution inside and between individual plies of laminated composites. However, current high-speed X-ray PCI technique only supports in-situ observation and the high timing and spatial resolutions are limited within a field of view of ~2.5 mm in square, preventing its application in the three-dimensional and larger-area damage detection for GFRC structures.",
author = "Jinling Gao and Nesredin Kedir and Kirk, {Cody D.} and Julio Hernandez and Junyu Wang and Shane Paulson and Xuedong Zhai and Todd Horn and Garam Kim and Jian Gao and Kamel Fezzaa and {De Carlo}, Francesco and Pavel Shevchenko and Tallman, {Tyler N.} and Ronald Sterkenburg and Palmese, {Giuseppe R.} and Weinong Chen",
note = "Funding Information: Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-12-2-0022 . The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 . Funding for high-speed imaging equipment used in this work was provided by AFOSR Award No. FA9550-16-1-0315 (Dr. Martin Schmidt, Program Officer). Jinling Gao would like to appreciate insightful discussions with Christopher Meyer, Dr. Bazle Haque from University of Delaware, Dr. Daniel O'Brien from U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Xiaofan Zhang from Johns Hopkins University. Funding Information: Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-12-2-0022. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Funding for high-speed imaging equipment used in this work was provided by AFOSR Award No. FA9550-16-1-0315 (Dr. Martin Schmidt, Program Officer). Jinling Gao would like to appreciate insightful discussions with Christopher Meyer, Dr. Bazle Haque from University of Delaware, Dr. Daniel O'Brien from U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Xiaofan Zhang from Johns Hopkins University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108565",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "207",
journal = "Composites Part B: Engineering",
issn = "1359-8368",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
}