Preservation of ischemic myocardium by a new converting enzyme inhibitor, enalaprilic acid, in acute myocardial infarction

Enalaprilic acid (MK-422), the biologically active diacid of the converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril, was studied in myocardial ischemia (MI). Acute left coronary artery ligation was produced in 62 male Sprague-Dawley rats, and infarct size was determined by left ventricular free wall (LVFW) creatine kinase (CK) activity. Administration of enalaprilic acid (2 mg/kg) 2 minutes and 24 hours after MI significantly blunted the reduction in LVFW CK activity at 48 hours after ligation, when compared to the MI rats given vehicle (6.4 ± 0.5 vs 4.7 ± 0.2 IU/mg protein, respectively; p < 0.01). The percentage of LVFW spared was significantly (p < 0.01) increased from 28 ± 2% to 45 ± 5% by MK-422. MK-422 also significantly blunted the loss of LVFW CK activity 48 hours after a coronary ligation (10 minutes) followed by reperfusion, when compared to vehicle (10.1 ± 0.6 vs 8.3 ± 0.6 IU/mg protein, respectively; p < 0.05). This represents a significant increase in the percentage of LVFW spared, 65 ± 5% vs 85 ± 6% (p < 0.05). These data indicate a significant protective action afforded by MK-422 in two different protocols of ischemic damage to the myocardium and suggest a role for the renin-angiotensin system in the extension of ischemic damage.