@article{95e17d6e054243e1b1de9ca7dabd4d09,
title = "Post-traumatic stress disorder, drug abuse and migraine: New findings from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)",
abstract = "Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be associated with migraine and drug abuse. Methods: This was an analysis of data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) to evaluate the association of PTSD in those with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic daily headache (CDH). Results: Our sample consisted of 5,692 participants. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of PTSD were increased in those with EM and CDH. After adjustments, the lifetime odds ratio (OR) of PTSD was greater in those with EM (OR 3.07 confidence interval [CI]: 2.12, 4.46) compared to those without headache; was greater in men than women with EM (men: OR 6.86; CI: 3.11, 15.11; women: OR 2.77; CI: 1.83, 4.21); and was comparable or greater than the association between migraine with depression or anxiety. The lifetime OR of PTSD was also increased in CDH sufferers. The OR of illicit drug abuse was not increased in those with EM or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression. Conclusion: The lifetime and 12-month OR of PTSD is increased in those with migraine or CDH, and is greater in men than women with migraine. The lifetime and 12-month OR of illicit drug abuse is not increased in those with migraine or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression.",
author = "{Lee Peterlin}, B. and Rosso, {Andrea L.} and Sheftell, {Fred D.} and Libon, {David J.} and Mossey, {Jana M.} and Merikangas, {Kathleen R.}",
note = "Funding Information: The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is supported by the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; U01-MH60220) with supplemental support from the National Institute of Drug Abuse, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Grant #044780) and the John W. Alden Trust. Collaborating NCS-R investigators include Kathleen Merikangas (co-principal investigator, NIMH). The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of any of the sponsoring organizations, agencies or the US government. Dr. Peterlin had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Funding Information: Dr. Peterlin has been a consultant for OrthoMcNeil and Pfizer, is on the speakers' bureaus for GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Endo and Merck, has grant support from GSK, has an intellectual property patent for the use of adiponectin-modulating drugs for migraine and is an associate editor for the journal Headache. Dr. Sheftell has served on advisory boards for GSK, Merck, MAP, NuPath, Optinose, and Novartis, is on the speaker{\textquoteright}s bureaus for Merck and GSK, has received grant support from Pfizer and has an intellectual property patent for montelukast and leukotriene modifiers for migraine and neuroinflammatory disorders. He is an associate editor for the journal Headache Currents. Dr. Mossey is an associate editor for the journal Pain Medicine. A. Rosso, Dr. Libon and Dr. Merikangas have no conflicts of interest or disclosures.",
year = "2011",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1177/0333102410378051",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "31",
pages = "235--244",
journal = "Cephalalgia",
issn = "0333-1024",
publisher = "SAGE Publications Ltd",
number = "2",
}