TY - JOUR
T1 - Microwave assisted biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. seed by two-step in situ process
T2 - Optimization using response surface methodology
AU - Jaliliannosrati, Hamidreza
AU - Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina
AU - Talebian-Kiakalaieh, Amin
AU - Noshadi, Iman
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Malaysia for supporting the project under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) Votes 78402 and 78681.
PY - 2013/5
Y1 - 2013/5
N2 - The synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) by a two-step in situ (reactive) esterification/transesterification from Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) seeds using microwave system has been investigated. Free fatty acid was reduced from 14% to less than 1% in the first step using H2SO4 as acid catalyst after 35min of microwave irradiation heating. The organic phase in the first step was subjected to a second reaction by adding 5N KOH in ethanol as the basic catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was utilized to design the experiments and analyze the influence of process variables (particles seed size, time of irradiation, agitation speed and catalyst loading) on conversion of triglycerides (TGs) in the second step. The highest triglycerides conversion to fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) was 97.29% at the optimum conditions:<0.5mm seed size, 12.21min irradiation time, 8.15ml KOH catalyst loading and 331.52rpm agitation speed in the 110W microwave power system.
AB - The synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) by a two-step in situ (reactive) esterification/transesterification from Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) seeds using microwave system has been investigated. Free fatty acid was reduced from 14% to less than 1% in the first step using H2SO4 as acid catalyst after 35min of microwave irradiation heating. The organic phase in the first step was subjected to a second reaction by adding 5N KOH in ethanol as the basic catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was utilized to design the experiments and analyze the influence of process variables (particles seed size, time of irradiation, agitation speed and catalyst loading) on conversion of triglycerides (TGs) in the second step. The highest triglycerides conversion to fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) was 97.29% at the optimum conditions:<0.5mm seed size, 12.21min irradiation time, 8.15ml KOH catalyst loading and 331.52rpm agitation speed in the 110W microwave power system.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.078
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.078
M3 - Article
C2 - 23567732
AN - SCOPUS:84876302089
VL - 136
SP - 565
EP - 573
JO - Agricultural Wastes
JF - Agricultural Wastes
SN - 0960-8524
ER -