TY - JOUR
T1 - Engineering conformal nanoporous polyaniline via oxidative chemical vapor deposition and its potential application in supercapacitors
AU - Li, Xiaobo
AU - Rafie, Ayda
AU - Smolin, Yuriy Y.
AU - Simotwo, Silas
AU - Kalra, Vibha
AU - Lau, Kenneth K.S.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the U.S. National Science Foundation for financial support under Grant No. CMMI-1463170 . The authors acknowledge the Drexel University Central Research Facilities for providing SEM and XPS access, and the University of Pennsylvania Nano/Bio Interface Center for providing AFM access. The authors thank Mr. Zhengtao Chen for acquiring the AFM images, and Dr. Arvinder Singh for reviewing the manuscript and providing helpful comments.
Funding Information:
The authors thank the U.S. National Science Foundation for financial support under Grant No. CMMI-1463170. The authors acknowledge the Drexel University Central Research Facilities for providing SEM and XPS access, and the University of Pennsylvania Nano/Bio Interface Center for providing AFM access. The authors thank Mr. Zhengtao Chen for acquiring the AFM images, and Dr. Arvinder Singh for reviewing the manuscript and providing helpful comments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/2/2
Y1 - 2019/2/2
N2 - Oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) offers unique advantages in synthesizing and integrating conducting polymers, like polyaniline (PANI), over conventional solution-based techniques, among them its ability to achieve thin films, conformal and uniform coatings, and coatings on topologically complex substrates. In this work, PANI was synthesized by oCVD via oxidative polymerization using aniline monomer and antimony pentachloride oxidant. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirm the formation of PANI. Uniquely, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), oCVD PANI shows a rough nanoporous morphology with pore openings of around 20 nm, while maintaining the conformality and uniformity of the coating. This nanoscale porosity leads to greater surface area that enhanced the energy storage capacity of non-porous electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs). With a coating thickness of ∼160 nm on CNFs, the oCVD PANI-CNF composite shows high specific capacitance and excellent cycling stability, and demonstrates the potential for porous oCVD PANI to enhance supercapacitor energy storage and power density.
AB - Oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) offers unique advantages in synthesizing and integrating conducting polymers, like polyaniline (PANI), over conventional solution-based techniques, among them its ability to achieve thin films, conformal and uniform coatings, and coatings on topologically complex substrates. In this work, PANI was synthesized by oCVD via oxidative polymerization using aniline monomer and antimony pentachloride oxidant. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirm the formation of PANI. Uniquely, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), oCVD PANI shows a rough nanoporous morphology with pore openings of around 20 nm, while maintaining the conformality and uniformity of the coating. This nanoscale porosity leads to greater surface area that enhanced the energy storage capacity of non-porous electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs). With a coating thickness of ∼160 nm on CNFs, the oCVD PANI-CNF composite shows high specific capacitance and excellent cycling stability, and demonstrates the potential for porous oCVD PANI to enhance supercapacitor energy storage and power density.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.053
DO - 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.053
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85049345369
SN - 0009-2509
SP - 156
EP - 164
JO - Chemical Engineering Science
JF - Chemical Engineering Science
ER -