Challenging Assumptions: A Genetically Sensitive Assessment of the Criminogenic Effect of Contact With the Criminal Justice System

A key assumption underlying various components of criminological thought is the criminogenic effect of involvement with the criminal justice system. Prior assessments of this effect, however, have been mixed and all are subject to potential genetic confounding. In the current study, we employ twin difference scores using both monozygotic and dizygotic twins to isolate the effect of involvement with the criminal justice system on future criminal behavior. The findings illustrate null associations between a variety of interactions of the criminal justice system and subsequent criminal offending. The study illustrates the continued ineffectiveness of the standard social science methodological approach to assessing criminology’s main assumptions.