Alignment of fractures on Bennu’s boulders indicative of rapid asteroid surface evolution

Marco Delbo, Kevin J. Walsh, Christophe Matonti, Justin Wilkerson, Maurizio Pajola, Manar M. Al Asad, Chrysa Avdellidou, Ronald Louis Ballouz, Carina A. Bennett, Harold C. Connolly, Daniella N. DellaGiustina, Dathon R. Golish, Jamie L. Molaro, Bashar Rizk, Stephen R. Schwartz, Dante S. Lauretta

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

On asteroids, fractures develop due to stresses driven by diurnal temperature variations at spatial scales ranging from sub-millimetres to metres. However, the timescales of such rock fracturing by thermal fatigue are poorly constrained by observations. Here we analyse images of the asteroid (101955) Bennu obtained by the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission and show that metre-scale fractures on the boulders exposed at the surface have a preferential meridional orientation, consistent with cracking induced by diurnal temperature variations. Using an analytical model of fracture propagation, we suggest that fractures the length of those on Bennu’s boulders can be produced in 104–105 years. This is a comparable or shorter timescale than mass movement processes that act to expose fresh surfaces and reorient boulders and any preferential direction signature. We propose that boulder surface fracturing happens rapidly compared with the lifetime in near-Earth space of Bennu and other carbonaceous asteroids. The damage due to this space-weathering process has consequences for the material properties of these asteroids, with implications for the preservation of the primordial signature acquired during the accretional phases in the protoplanetary disk of our solar system.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)453-457
Number of pages5
JournalNature Geoscience
Volume15
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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